This review provides a holistic review of Zimbabwe’s laws and policies relating to the recognition of indigenous peoples’ and local communities’ rights, including identification of the legal and policy measures and mechanisms that are useful in each context and the impact of these rights by natural resource exploration and extraction, large-scale agricultural land use and infrastructure and/or development projects. It is intended to help the reader to understand the ways in which different legal and institutional arrangements either support or undermine those rights. It also explores strategies for promoting community participation in the management of these resources and in the local and national development process.